Background: Intravenous lidocaine and dexmedetomidine treatments have been proposed as methods for inhibiting\ncough. We compared the efficacy of intravenous lidocaine and dexmedetomidine treatments on inhibiting cough\nduring the tracheal extubation period after thyroid surgery.\nMethods: One hundred eighty patients undergoing thyroid surgeries were randomly allocated to the LIDO group\n(received lidocaine 1.5mg/kg loading, 1.5 mg/kg/h infusion), the DEX group (received dexmedetomidine 0.5 microg/kg\nloading, 0.4 microg/kg/h infusion) and the CON group (received saline), with 60 cases in each group. The primary outcomes\nof cough were recorded. Secondary outcomes included hemodynamic variables, awareness time, volume of drainage,\nthe postoperative visual analogue scale and adverse effects were recorded.\nResults: The incidence of cough were significantly lower in the LIDO group (28.3%) and the DEX group (31.7%) than\nthat in the CON group (66.7%) (P = 0.000). Additionally, both moderate and severe cough were significantly lower in\nthe LIDO group (13.3%) and the DEX group (13.4%) than these in the CON group (43.4%) (P < 0.05). Compared with the\ntwo treatment groups, both mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were significantly increased in the CON group\nduring tracheal extubation (P < 0.05). Compared with the CON group, the volume of drainage was significantly reduced\nin the two treatment groups within 48 h after surgery (P < 0.05). compared with the CON group, the postoperative\nvisual analogue scale was significantly lower in groups LIDO and DEX after surgery(P < 0.05). Compared with the LIDO\ngroup and the CON group, the time to awareness was longer in the DEX group (P<0.05). In the DEX group, bradycardia\nwas noted in 35 patients, while no bradycardia was noted in LIDO group and CON group.\nConclusion: Compared with intravenous infusions of normal saline, both lidocaine and dexmedetomidine had equal\neffectiveness in attenuating cough and hemodynamic changes during the tracheal extubation period after thyroid\nsurgery, and both of these treatments were able to reduce the volume of postoperative bleeding and provide better\nanalgesic effect after surgery. But intravenous infusions of dexmedetomidine resulted in bradycardia and delayed the time\nto awareness when compared with lidocaine and normal saline.
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